cognate

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin cognātus (“related by blood”), from com- + gnātus (“born”). Doublet of connate and cognatus.

adj

1. Allied by blood; kindred by birth; specifically (law) related on the mother's side.
2. Of the same or a similar nature; of the same family; proceeding from the same stock or root.
3. (linguistics) Descended from the same source lexemes (same etymons) of an ancestor language.

noun

1. One of a number of things allied in origin or nature.
2. (law, dated) One who is related to another on the female side.
3. (law, dated) One who is related to another, both having descended from a common ancestor through legal marriages.
4. (linguistics) A word either descended from the same base word of the same ancestor language as the given word, or strongly believed to be a regular reflex of the same reconstructed root of proto-language as the given word.