dispatch

Etymology

From Spanish despachar or Italian dispacciare, replacing alternate reflex depeach, which is from French dépêcher. The first known use in writing (in the past tense, spelled as dispached) is by Bishop Cuthbert Tunstall in 1517. This would be unusually early for a borrowing from a Romance language other than French, but Tunstall had studied in Italy and was Commissioner to Spain, so this word may have been borrowed through diplomatic circles. The alternative spelling despatch was introduced in Samuel Johnson's dictionary, probably by accident.

verb

1. (transitive) To send (a shipment) with promptness.
2. (transitive) To send (a person) away hastily.
   The League of One was suddenly exposed and in danger of being hunted by enemies of the salarians. Before any harm could be done, the team mysteriously disappeared.…Realizing the threat posed by this rogue outfit, the Special Tasks Group dispatched a team of hunters. When they didn't return, the STG dispatched ten of its brightest operators with broad discretionary powers. Only two returned; they reported no evidence of the League. 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Salarians: League of One Codex entry
3. (transitive) To send (an important official message) promptly, by means of a diplomat or military officer.
4. (transitive) To send (a journalist) to a place in order to report.
   Scores of foreign journalists have been dispatched to Seoul to report on the growing tensions between the two Koreas and the possibility of war. April 9, 2013, Andrei Lankov, “Stay Cool. Call North Korea’s Bluff.”, in New York Times
5. (transitive) To dispose of speedily, as business; to execute quickly; to make a speedy end of; to finish; to perform.
   the which company of harvest men, being ready at the day appointed, almost in one fair day dispatcheth all the harvest work. 1751 [1516], Thomas More, translated by Gilbert Burnet, Utopia, translation of original in New Latin
6. (transitive) To rid; to free.
   But whā I had cleane diſpatched myſelf of this great charge and taſke, I loked not that I ſhould at any tyme afterwarde have any more to doe with this kynde of writing 1548, Nicholas Udall, “The preface of Erasmus unto his paraphrase upon the Gospel of the Evangelist Matthew”, in The first tome or volume of the Paraphrase of Erasmus vpon the newe testamente, translation of original by Desiderius Erasmus, page 33
7. (transitive) To destroy (someone or something) quickly and efficiently.
   "And our dogs used to tree the cats on our property here, and we'd dispatch them." 2008, Monte Dwyer, Red In The Centre: The Australian Bush Through Urban Eyes, Monyer Pty Ltd, page 146
   So Tyrion hatches one last brilliant scheme in a season full of them, and this one goes exactly as well as all the others, even if it doesn’t look like it at first. He alone takes a meeting with Cersei, in her chambers, with the Mountain ready and waiting to dispatch him. August 27, 2017, Brandon Nowalk, “Game Of Thrones slows down for the longest, and best, episode of the season (newbies)”, in The Onion AV Club
8. (transitive) To defeat
   Gareth Southgate's side had little trouble dispatching the side 172nd in the Fifa rankings. 17 June 2023, Emma Smith, “Malta 0-4 England”, in BBC Sport
9. (transitive, computing) To pass on for further processing, especially via a dispatch table (often with to).
   These handlers perform any additional checking and processing that may be necessary before and after a message is dispatched to an object. In addition, some message types are handled internally by the kernel[…] 2004, Peter Gutmann, Cryptographic Security Architecture: Design and Verification, page 102
10. (intransitive, obsolete) To hurry.
    Proceed, friend Nicolas, and let us dispatch; for, it grows late. 1755, Miguel de Cervantes, translated by Tobias Smollett, Don Quixote, Volume 1, I.6
11. (transitive, obsolete) To deprive.

noun

1. A message sent quickly, as a shipment, a prompt settlement of a business, or an important official">official message sent by a diplomat, government official">official, military officer, etc.
   WikiLeaks did not cause these uprisings but it certainly informed them. The dispatches revealed details of corruption and kleptocracy that many Tunisians suspected, but could not prove, and would cite as they took to the streets. They also exposed the blatant discrepancy between the west's professed values and actual foreign policies. 2013-06-07, Gary Younge, “Hypocrisy lies at heart of Manning prosecution”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 18
2. The act of doing something quickly.
   We must act with dispatch in this matter.
   During the whole time of his abode in the university he generally spent thirteen hours of the day in study; by which assiduity besides an exact dispatch of the whole course of philosophy, he read over in a manner all classic authors that are extant[…] 1661, John Fell, The Life of the most learned, reverend and pious Dr. H. Hammond
   A farmer could place an order for a new tractor part by text message and pay for it by mobile money-transfer. A supplier many miles away would then take the part to the local matternet station for airborne dispatch via drone. 2012-12-01, “An internet of airborne things”, in The Economist, volume 405, number 8813, page 3 (Technology Quarterly)
3. A mission by an emergency response service, typically involving attending to an emergency in the field.
4. (computing) The passing on of a message for further processing, especially through a dispatch table.
5. (obsolete) A dismissal.