dour

Etymology

From Scots dour, possibly from Latin dūrus (“hard, stern”), via Middle Irish dúr. Compare French dur, Catalan dur, Italian duro, Portuguese duro, Romanian dur, Spanish duro. Doublet of dure.

adj

1. Stern, harsh and forbidding.
   The principal reason is that, in competition with modern road vehicles running over motorways, B.R. has a dour struggle to match the performance of its rivals cost-wise. 1961 October, “Editorial: The importance of the "Roadrailer"”, in Trains Illustrated, page 577
   I was reminded of the dour priests and salesmen of the nineteenth century who believed that the plebs wouldn’t be able to handle getting the vote, or a decent wage, or, least of all, leisure, and who backed the seventy-hour workweek as an efficacious instrument in the fight against liquor. 2017, chapter 6, in Elizabeth Manton, transl., Utopia for Realists, Kindle edition, Bloomsbury Publishing, translation of Gratis geld voor iedereen by Rutger Bregman, page 149
   Hayek had contributed the foreword, in which he declared that “he got so fascinated” by the book—high praise from the dour Viennese sage—that he read it from start to finish in one sitting. 2022, Gary Gerstle, chapter 4, in The Rise and Fall of the Neoliberal Order[…], New York: Oxford University Press, Part II. The Neoliberal Order, 1970–2020
2. Unyielding and obstinate.
3. Expressing gloom or melancholy.