metonymy

Etymology

From Late Latin metonymia, from Ancient Greek μετωνυμίᾱ (metōnumíā, “change of name”), from μετά (metá, “other”) + ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”).

noun

1. (rhetoric) The use of a single characteristic or part of an object, concept or phenomenon to identify the entire object, concept, phenomenon or a related object.
   Coordinate term: metaphor
   ...the principle of metonymy is simply to substitute for the plain name of a thing a name or phrase based on something connected with it. September 1891, William Minto, “Practical talks on writing English”, in Theodor Flood, editor, The Chautauquan, volume 13, →OCLC, page 279
2. (countable) A metonym.