rosin

Etymology

From Old French raisine, rousine, variants of résine. See resin.

noun

1. (organic chemistry) A solid form of resin, obtained from liquid resin by vaporizing its volatile components.
   The action of the bow therefore depends almost entirely upon the application of rosin and upon its frictional properties. Violin rosin is a natural gum obtained from conifers such as larch that produce turpentine. 1998, Neville H. Fletcher, Thomas Rossing, The Physics of Musical Instruments, 2nd edition, Springer Science & Business, page 284
2. Resin.

verb

1. (transitive) To apply rosin to (something); to rub or cover with rosin.
   We waited expectantly as the guest violinist rosined his bow in preparation for playing.