spate

Etymology

From Middle English spate (“flood”). Cognate with Scots spate, spait (“flood”). Of uncertain origin. Compare Dutch spatten (“to splash, splatter”). Compare also Old French espoit (“flood”), from Middle Dutch spoiten, spuyten (“to flow, spout”). More at English spout.

noun

1. A river flood; an overflow or inundation.
   c.1856-1885, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Gareth and Lynette, in Idylls of the King, The last tall son of Lot and Bellicent, And tallest, Gareth, in a showerful spring Stared at the spate. A slender-shafted Pine Lost footing, fell, and so was whirled away.
   At Odendaal, where he had hoped to cross, the river was in spate, the British flag waved from a post upon the further side, and a strong force of expectant Guardsmen eagerly awaited him there. 1900, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Great Boer War
   The glacial drip was already in evidence, and every creek in roaring spate. 1902, Jack London, A Daughter of the Snows
   At the edge of the burn, where the path turns downward, there is a patch of shingle washed up by some spate. 1910, John Buchan, Prester John
2. (by extension) A sudden rush or increase.
   17thC, Thomas Browne (translator), To a friend intending a difficult work, from a Latin original, published in Collected works of Sir Thomas Browne (1836), Only let your language match your subject, then it will be shapely and free; but take care all the time not to overwhelm your work in a spate of words to attain the fluency of Isaeus; and that it slip not out too freely, avoid the danger of Strada.
   He couldnae weel tell how - maybe it was the cauld to his feet - but it cam' in upon him wi' a spate that there was some connection between thir twa, an' that either or baith o' them were bogles. 1887, Robert Louis Stevenson, “Thrawn Janet”, in The Merry Men and Other Tales and Fables
   The spate of similar cases filed and decided by lower courts since our decision in Baker [v. Carr] amply shows that the problem of state legislative malapportionment is one that is perceived to exist in a large number of the States. 1964, United States Supreme Court, Reynolds v. Sims: Opinion of the Court
   A recent spate of controversies, including Chinese mineral giant Chinalco’s Rio Tinto bid and revelations of hushed meetings between the Chinese propaganda chief and Australian media bosses, have once again brought the issue of our deepening relationship with China to the fore. 2009 April, Australia Tibet Council, Australia Tibet Council report: Courting The Dragon
   The audacious hijacking in Paris of a van carrying the baggage of a Saudi prince to his private jet is obviously an embarrassment to the French capital, whose ultra-high-end boutiques have suffered a spate of heists in recent months. 21 August 2014, “A brazen heist in Paris”, in The New York Times
   Rush Limbaugh told millions of his radio listeners to set aside any suggestion that climate change was the culprit for the frightening spate of wildfires ravaging California and the Pacific Northwest. 2020-09-15, “‘Nothing to Do With Climate Change’: Conservative Media and Trump Align on Fires”, in New York Times