sunder

Etymology 1

From Middle English sunder, from Old English sundor- (“separate, different”), from Proto-Germanic *sundraz (“isolated, particular, alone”), from Proto-Indo-European *snter-, *seni-, *senu-, *san- (“apart, without, for oneself”). Cognate with Old Saxon sundar (“particular, special”), Dutch zonder (“without”), German sonder- (“special”), German sondern (“separate, set apart”), Old Norse sundr (“separate”), Danish sønder (“apart, asunder”), Latin sine (“without”).

adj

1. (dialectal or obsolete) Sundry; separate; different.

Etymology 2

From Middle English sundren (“to separate, part, divide”), from Old English sundrian (“to separate, split, part, divide”), from Proto-Germanic *sundrōną (“to separate”), from Proto-Indo-European *sen(e)- (“separate, without”). Cognate with Scots sinder, sunder (“to separate, divide, split up”), Dutch zonderen (“to isolate”), German sondern (“to separate”), Swedish söndra (“to divide”). More at sundry.

verb

1. (transitive) To break or separate or to break apart, especially with force.
2. (intransitive) To part, separate.
   Two souls, the shores wave-mocked of sundering seas: — Such are we now. 1881 Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Severed Selves, lines 8-9
   … Carlo finally saw Everything, before it sunders into things; he saw Knowledge before it sunders into knowing; he saw Integrity before it sunders in integrals; he saw Unity before it sunders into units. 2003, Dean Barton, Searching for the Evergreen Man, Llumina Press, page 69
3. (UK, dialect, dated, transitive) To expose to the sun and wind.
   Where a fair opportunity offers, and the grass is perfectly dry, the hipples are sundered; that is, broken out into beds in the usual manner, turned, and again got up into cocklets, of such size as the state of dryness requires. 1788, William Marshall, The Rural Economy of Yorkshire
   Except under abnormal conditions, protection can be afforded to a field by cutting a strip half a chain in width all round the field, with a reaper and binder for preference, when the crop is in the best condition for hay, and then ploughing or sunder-cutting the stubble. 1941, The Queensland Agricultural and Pastoral Handbook, page 82
   The trees and shrubs all around us began to show the signs of death; dried branches, leafless gray and molding wood. The ground here was as hard as stone, the dirt and dust dry as bone sundered in the desert scorch. 2010, Stony Stern, Run Past The Hunter, page 143
   The world, a good deal of it, sundered, scorched. 2013, Thomas Glave, Among the Bloodpeople: Politics and Flesh, page 165

noun

1. a separation into parts; a division or severance
   He would not stay for me to stand and gaze. I shook his hand and tore my heart in sunder And went with half my life about my ways. 1939, Alfred Edward Housman, Additional Poems, VII, lines 2-4