surplus

Etymology

From Middle English surplus, from Middle French surplus. Compare French surplus.

noun

1. That which remains when use or need is satisfied, or when a limit is reached; excess; overplus.
2. Specifically, an amount in the public treasury at any time greater than is required for the ordinary purposes of the government.
3. (law) The remainder of a fund appropriated for a particular purpose.
4. (law) assets left after liabilities and debts, including capital stock have been deducted.

adj

1. Being or constituting a surplus; more than sufficient.
   surplus population
   surplus words
   The latest shipment of goods is surplus to our needs.
   An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic the way real kidneys cleanse blood and eject impurities and surplus water as urine. 2013-06-01, “A better waterworks”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 5 (Technology Quarterly)

verb

1. (transitive) To treat as surplus to requirements; to sell off or dismiss from employment, etc.
   This employee was engaged to direct asphalt plants and inasmuch as the work for which he had been employed was completed, he was surplused and his return travel was approved […] 1952, United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations, Moroccan air base construction. 2 v, page 618