borrow

Etymology 1

From Middle English borwen, borȝien, Old English borgian (“to borrow, lend, pledge surety for”), from Proto-West Germanic *borgōn, from Proto-Germanic *burgōną (“to pledge, take care of”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergʰ- (“to take care”). Cognate with Dutch borgen (“to borrow, trust”), German borgen (“to borrow, lend”), Danish borge (“to vouch”). Related to Old English beorgan (“to save, preserve”). More at bury.

verb

1. To receive (something) from somebody temporarily, expecting to return it.
   Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend. 2013-06-01, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71
2. To receive money from a bank or other lender under the agreement that the lender will be paid back over time.
3. To adopt (an idea) as one's own.
   to borrow the style, manner, or opinions of another
   Dryden’s form is of course borrowed from the ancients 1881, William Minto, Margaret Bryant, “John Dryden”, in Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition
4. (linguistics) To adopt a word from another language.
5. (arithmetic) In a subtraction, to deduct (one) from a digit of the minuend and add ten to the following digit, in order that the subtraction of a larger digit in the subtrahend from the digit in the minuend to which ten is added gives a positive result.
6. (Upper Midwestern United States, West Midlands, Malaysia, proscribed) To lend.
   Rosie, borrow me your look looker, I bet my lips are all. Everytime I eat or drink, so quick I gotta fix ’em, yet. 1951, The Grenadiers, edited by James P. Leary, Wisconsin Folklore, University of Wisconsin Press, published 1998, Milwaukee Talk, page 56
   Samson, with all the cunning of a rhetorical master, cornered him. 'Then can my young son borrow me his old rifle?' 1996, Beverley Harper, Storms Over Africa
   In a bank they borrow you the money at very low rates and if you don't take it back, you suffer the consequences in a jail sentence and there's a certain procedure it goes through. 1999, Sarah Curtis, Children who Break the Law, Or, Everybody Does it, page 21
   The next week she came back and she said to me and my husband, "If I borrow you the money to buy a little house do you think you can pay me back like rent?" 1999, Marie Hall Ets, Rosa: The Life of an Italian Immigrant, page 233
   Ryan, borrow me your lunch pail so we can fill it with blueberries. Susie can make us a pie. 2005, Gladys Blyth, Summer at the Cannery, Trafford Publishing, page 83
   Georgi reached for his empty pockets. “Can you borrow me your telephone?” 2006, Andrés Rueda, The Clawback, Andres Rueda, Chapter 13, page 131
   Gaia, could you borrow me your pencils , today, if you do not use them? 2007, Silvia Cecchini, Bach Flowers Fairytales, Lulu.com, page 7
7. (ditransitive) To temporarily obtain (something) for (someone).
   You must borrow me Garagantua's mouth first: 'tis a word too great for any mouth of this age's size: To say, ay, and no, to these particulars, is more than to answer in a catechism. 1623, William Shakespeare, As You Like It
   Yes, my lord, he told me this in my own house; and I told him he might go to esquire Tindal, and I lent him eighteen pence, and borrowed him a horse in the town. 1681, Mr. Normanton, quotee, “Trial of Sir Miles Stapleton”, in State Trials, 33 Charles II, page 516
   I went out and borrowed him a night cap; put him my night shirt on, and wrapped him in a blanket. April 20, 1866, Charles W. G. Howard, “Minutes of Evidence Taken Before the Select Committee”, in parliamentary debates (House of Commons), page 84
   My folks couldn't afford a guitar, so my dad borrowed me a mandolin one time, and I was just learning to play it pretty good and the guy that he borrowed it from wanted it back. August 1 1999, “Ronnie Dawson, Singer, Comments on his Career and Music”, in NPR_Weekend
   George Lightfoot seemed to have forgotten he was meant to be a Lost Sheep, and turned up as the Tin Man, but I forgave him, because he'd managed to borrow me a divine brass crazier from one of his bishop friends. 2006, Laurie Graham, Gone with the Windsors, page 116
8. To feign or counterfeit.
9. (obsolete except in ballads) To secure the release of (someone) from prison.
   But if ony maiden would borrow me, I would wed her wi' a ring, And a' my land and a' my houses, They should a' be at her command. Traditional, "Young Beichan" (Child ballad 53)
10. (informal) To receive (something, usually of trifling value) from somebody, with little possibility of returning it.
    Can I borrow a sheet of paper?
11. (informal) To interrupt the current activity of (a person) and lead them away in order to speak with them, get their help, etc.
    John, can I borrow you for a second? I need your help with the copier.
12. (golf) To adjust one's aim in order to compensate for the slope of the green.

noun

1. (golf, countable, uncountable) Deviation of the path of a rolling ball from a straight line; slope; slant.
   This putt has a big left-to right borrow on it.
   The amount of borrow, as we term it, that must be taken from the side of any particular slope is entirely a matter of mathematical calculation, […] 1905, Harry Vardon, The Complete Golfer
   […] slippery contours, so that in making a side hill putt more than the usual amount of borrow had to be considered. 2020, George C. Thomas, Golf Architecture in America: Its Strategy and Construction
2. (construction, civil engineering) A borrow pit.
   As previously indicated, slurry used for construction of the slurry cutoff trench at Beaver Creek Dam was produced with natural clays and clay tills from local borrows. 1979, The Canadian Mining and Metallurgical Bulletin
3. (programming) In the Rust programming language, the situation where the ownership of a value is temporarily transferred to another region of code.
   If we currently have any borrows of a value, we can't mutably borrow it into self, nor can we move it (because that would invalidate the existing borrows). 2018, Daniel Arbuckle, Rust Quick Start Guide

Etymology 2

From Middle English borwe, borgh, from Old English borh, borg, from Proto-West Germanic *borgōn, from Proto-Germanic *burgōną (“to borrow, lend”) (related to Etymology 1, above).

noun

1. (archaic) A ransom; a pledge or guarantee.
2. (archaic) A surety; someone standing bail.
   ”where am I to find such a sum? If I sell the very pyx and candlesticks on the altar at Jorvaulx, I shall scarce raise the half; and it will be necessary for that purpose that I go to Jorvaulx myself; ye may retain as borrows my two priests.” 1819, Walter Scott, Ivanhoe