panel

Etymology

From Middle English panel (“piece of cloth, saddle pad, pane of glass, piece of ice, part, division, jury list, jury members”), from Anglo-Norman panel, panelle (“piece of cloth, saddle cushion”), from Vulgar Latin *pannellus, diminutive of Latin pannus (“cloth, rag, garment”). Cognate with Old English fana (“a piece of cloth, patch, banner, flag, vane”). Doublet of vane.

noun

1. A (usually) rectangular section of a surface, or of a covering or of a wall, fence etc.
   Behind the picture was a panel on the wall.
   1. (architecture) A sunken compartment with raised margins, moulded or otherwise, as in ceilings, wainscotings, etc.
2. A group of people gathered to judge, interview, discuss etc. as on a television or radio broadcast for example.
   Today’s panel includes John Smith.
   2018, VOA Learning English > China's Melting Glacier Brings Visitors, Adds to Climate Concerns The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recently reported that that rise is enough to melt 28 to 44 percent of glaciers worldwide. File:The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recently reported.ogg
3. A portion of text or other material within a book, newspaper, web page, etc. set apart from the main body or separated by a border.
4. (comics) An individual frame or drawing in a comic.
   The last panel of a comic strip usually contains a punchline.
5. (graphical user interface) A type of GUI widget, such as a control panel.
   admin panel
6. (law) A document containing the names of persons summoned as jurors by the sheriff.
7. (law) The whole jury.
8. (law, Scotland) A prisoner arraigned for trial at the bar of a criminal court.
   [I]t remains only to examine the Relevancy of the two general exculpatory Defences pled for the Pannells. 1737, “Information for His Majesty’s Advocate, and Mr. Hugh Forbes, Advocate, Procurator Fiscal of the High Court of Admiralty, against Thomas McAdam, and James Long, Pannels”, in Extract of the Proceedings before James Graham of Airth, Esq; Judge of the High Court of Admiralty in Scotland, in the Action at the Instance of Duncan Forbes, Esq; His Majesty’s Advocate, and Mr. Hugh Forbes, Advocate, Procurator Fiscal of the Said High Court, against Thomas McAdams Souldier, and James Long Corporal, in the Regiment of Foot Commanded by Colonel —— Hamilton. Laid before the House Pursuant to Their Lordship’s Order April 18, 1737, London: Printed by John Baskett,[…], →OCLC, page 12
9. (obsolete) A piece of cloth serving as a saddle.
10. A soft pad beneath a saddletree to prevent chafing.
11. (joinery) A board having its edges inserted in the groove of a surrounding frame.
    the panel of a door
12. (masonry) One of the faces of a hewn stone.
13. (masonry) A slab or plank of wood used instead of a canvas for painting on.
14. (mining) A heap of dressed ore.
15. (mining) One of the districts divided by pillars of extra size, into which a mine is laid off in one system of extracting coal.
16. (dressmaking) A plain strip or band, as of velvet or plush, placed at intervals lengthwise on the skirt of a dress, for ornament.
17. A portion of a framed structure between adjacent posts or struts, as in a bridge truss.
18. (Britain, historical) A list of doctors who could provide limited free healthcare prior to the introduction of the NHS.
19. (medicine) A group of tests or assays, a battery.
    This panel of tests can also help in cases where leukemia or lymphoma suddenly takes a turn for the worse (crisis) by determining if a change in the type of cells is causing the problem. 1997, Michael Brodin, Encyclopedia of Medical Tests, page 270
    A lipid panel measures three different types: low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglycerides. 2009, Rick Daniels, Delmar's Guide to Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests, page 478

verb

1. (obsolete, transitive) To enter (jury members) on an official list of jurors; to empanel.
2. (obsolete, transitive) To fit (an animal, especially a mule or ass) with a panel or simple padded saddle.
   The knight […] arose, and commanded Sancho to saddle his horse and pannel his ass immediately. 1755, Miguel de Cervantes, translated by Tobias Smollett, Don Quixote, Volume One, II.5
3. (transitive) To fit (a room etc.) with panels.