rose

Etymology 1

From Middle English rose, roose, from Old English rōse, from Latin rosa, of uncertain origin but possibly via Oscan from Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”) (Aeolic ϝρόδον (wródon)), from Old Persian *wṛda- (“flower”) (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀- (var^əδa-), Sogdian ward, Parthian wâr, late Middle Persian [Term?] (gwl /⁠gul⁠/), Persian گل (gol, “rose, flower”), and Middle Iranian borrowings including Old Armenian վարդ (vard, “rose”), Aramaic וַרְדָּא (wardā) / ܘܪܕܐ (wardā), Arabic وَرْدَة (warda), Hebrew וֶרֶד (wéreḏ)), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰos (“sweetbriar”) (compare Old English word (“thornbush”), Latin rubus (“bramble”), Albanian hurdhe (“ivy”)). Possibly ultimately a derivation from a verb for "to grow" only attested in Indo-Iranian (*Hwardʰ-, compare Sanskrit वर्धति (vardhati), with relatives in Avestan).

noun

1. A shrub of the genus Rosa, with red, pink, white or yellow flowers.
2. A flower of the rose plant.
   1794, Robert Burns, "A Red, Red Rose:" O my Luve's like a red, red rose That's newly sprung in june...
   Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose. 1913, Gertrude Stein, Sacred Emily
3. A plant or species in the rose family. (Rosaceae)
4. Something resembling a rose flower.
5. (heraldry) The rose flower, usually depicted with five petals, five barbs, and a circular seed.
6. (countable, uncountable) A purplish-red or pink colour, the colour of some rose flowers.
   Web rose:
   rose-pink:
7. A round nozzle for a sprinkling can or hose.
8. The usually circular base of a light socket in the ceiling, from which the fitting or chandelier is suspended.
9. Any of various large, red-bodied, papilionid butterflies of the genus Pachliopta.
10. (mathematics) Any of various flower-like polar graphs of sinusoids or their squares.
11. (mathematics, graph theory) A graph with only one vertex.

verb

1. (poetic, transitive) To make rose-colored; to redden or flush.
2. (poetic, transitive) To perfume, as with roses.

adj

1. Having a purplish-red or pink color; rosy.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

verb

1. simple past of rise
2. (now colloquial and nonstandard) past participle of rise
   Chidley-Mount, Som. on the other ſide of the Parret, oppoſite to Bridgewater, which is ſuppoſed to have roſe from its ruins. 1775, The Complete Gazetteer of England and Wales[…], volume 1, G. Robinson, and R. Baldwin, page 154
   Here the genius of agriculture seems to have rose above its dawn. 1805, Cobbett's Political Register, volume 8, page 89
   And, it has often been in the most oppressed of times that human beings have rose up and discovered their greatest potential. 30 January 2006, Timothy Stagich, Conscious Ascension: The Global Rise of Mankind Out of the Depths of Conflict, Global Leadership Resources, page 86

Etymology 3

From French rosé (“pinkish”).

noun

1. Alternative spelling of rosé